Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

16.4K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
16.4K
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

47.9K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
47.9K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

19.4K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
19.4K
Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

67.2K
Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
67.2K
Common Ion Effect03:24

Common Ion Effect

44.3K
Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Châtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
44.3K
Ionic Strength: Overview01:12

Ionic Strength: Overview

2.5K
The ionic strength of a solution is a quantitative way of expressing the total electrolyte concentration of a solution. This concept was first introduced in 1921 by two American physical chemists, Gilbert N. Lewis and Merle Randall, while describing the activity coefficient of strong electrolytes. During the calculation of ionic strength (I or μ), all the cations and anions are considered. However, the concentration (c) of an ion with a greater charge number (z) has a greater contribution...
2.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

3D-Printed Platforms for Enzyme Immobilisation Screening and Direct Translation into Continuous-Flow Biocatalysis.

ChemSusChem·2026
Same author

Role of 2-Hydroxyimines in Chiral Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Mannich-Type Reactions: Enhancing Reactivity and Selectivity via Dimerization.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Reshaping the folding landscape of the N-terminal Src homology 3 domain of the Drosophila adapter protein Drk with ionic liquids.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

Late-Onset Huntington's Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Cureus·2026
Same author

Response to the letter to the editor regarding Women's and healthcare providers' experiences of contraceptive counselling: A qualitative systematic review.

Sexual & reproductive healthcare : official journal of the Swedish Association of Midwives·2026
Same author

Women's and healthcare providers' experiences of contraceptive counselling: a qualitative systematic review.

Sexual & reproductive healthcare : official journal of the Swedish Association of Midwives·2026
Same journal

RETRACTED: Kim et al. The Angiogenesis Inhibitor ALS-L1023 from Lemon-Balm Leaves Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Through Regulating the Visceral Adipose-Tissue Function. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2017, <i>18</i>, 846.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Mahmud et al. Thymoquinone Attenuates NF-κβ Signalling Activation in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells Under AMD-Mimicking Conditions. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2025, <i>26</i>, 11473.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Borovikov et al. The Twisting and Untwisting of Actin and Tropomyosin Filaments Are Involved in the Molecular Mechanisms of Muscle Contraction, and Their Disruption Can Result in Muscle Disorders. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci</i>. 2025, <i>26</i>, 6705.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Molagoda et al. Flavonoid Glycosides from <i>Ziziphus jujuba</i> var. <i>inermis</i> (Bunge) Rehder Seeds Inhibit α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone-Mediated Melanogenesis. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2021, <i>22</i>, 7701.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Guo et al. Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Maize Roots Under Lead Stress. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2024, <i>25</i>, 6050.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Chang et al. Improvement of Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Hepatic Failure by Transplantation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Without Reprogramming Factor c-Myc. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2012, <i>13</i>, 3598-3617.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 4, 2025

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

69.4K

Revisiting Ionic Liquid Structure-Property Relationship: A Critical Analysis.

Wagner Silva1, Marcileia Zanatta2, Ana Sofia Ferreira1

  • 1UCIBIO, Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review critically examines ionic liquids (ILs) structure-property relationships, focusing on molecular-level insights into transport phenomena and the impact of water. It offers new perspectives for predicting ILs

Keywords:
free volumeion pairionic liquidphysicochemical propertiessupramolecular organizationtransport propertieswater

More Related Videos

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

13.3K
Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery
09:44

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery

Published on: September 26, 2025

234

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 4, 2025

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

69.4K
Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

13.3K
Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery
09:44

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery

Published on: September 26, 2025

234

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Ionic liquids (ILs) are extensively studied for their tunable structure-property relationships impacting applications.
  • Key unresolved questions include ion pairing, free volume concepts, and water's influence on IL properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review the state-of-the-art literature on ILs structure-property relationships.
  • To re-examine theories correlating IL structure with properties and offer new perspectives.
  • To analyze the molecular-level interrelation between IL structure, free volume, and transport properties.

Main Methods:

  • Critical literature review of existing studies on ionic liquids.
  • Re-examination of analytical theories on structure-property correlations.
  • Analysis of microscopic features, particularly Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-derived data.

Main Results:

  • Discusses the interrelation between IL structure, free volume, and transport properties (viscosity, diffusion, conductivity) at a molecular level.
  • Demonstrates how microscopic features, especially NMR data, can explain and predict macroscopic IL properties.
  • Highlights the significant role of water in modulating ILs' physicochemical properties.

Conclusions:

  • Microscopic analysis, particularly NMR, provides powerful insights into predicting macroscopic properties of ionic liquids.
  • Understanding structure-property relationships is crucial for advancing IL applications.
  • Further research is needed to fully resolve controversies regarding ion pairing, free volume, and water effects in ILs.