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Aortitis which developed after the administration of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor

Tomoyuki Mukai1,2, Shinichiro Kubo3, Yoshitaka Morita1

  • 1Department of Rheumatology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan.

Modern Rheumatology Case Reports
|October 22, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) can cause drug-induced aortitis, a rare condition. Early recognition and corticosteroid treatment are crucial for managing this side effect in cancer patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Drug-induced aortitis is an uncommon but serious condition.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent irreversible aortic damage.
  • Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is used in chemotherapy to boost white blood cell counts.

Observation:

  • A 66-year-old woman developed aortitis following G-CSF administration during breast cancer chemotherapy.
  • Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging revealed significant aortic wall thickening.
  • Other potential causes of aortitis were ruled out.

Findings:

  • A strong association was suspected between G-CSF use and the development of aortitis.
  • Corticosteroid therapy led to rapid regression of the aortitis, confirmed by follow-up CT scans.
  • Limited case reports suggest a causative role for G-CSF in aortitis development.

Implications:

  • G-CSF-associated aortitis is an under-recognized condition, potentially leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
  • Oncologists and rheumatologists must be aware of this potential adverse effect of G-CSF.
  • Increased awareness can facilitate timely intervention, preventing severe aortic complications.

Keywords:
AortitisG-CSFcorticosteroidgranulocyte-colony stimulating factor

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