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Related Concept Videos

Epistaxis01:30

Epistaxis

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Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, occurs when small, swollen blood vessels in the nasal mucous membrane rupture. Typically, the anterior septum is the primary site of occurrence.
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Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
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Epistaxis: Revisited.

Sandeep Sharma1, Sadat Qureshi1, Shalini Jadia1

  • 1Department of E.N.T, Peoples Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal, India.

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
|October 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study on epistaxis (nosebleeds) found it most common in young males, often anterior, and exacerbated by cold weather. Cauterization is an effective treatment, reducing hospital stays.

Keywords:
EpistaxisEtiologyManagementNose bleedTrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, is a common condition with varied etiologies.
  • Understanding demographic distribution and common causes is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the age and sex distribution of epistaxis.
  • To identify the primary causes (etiology) of nosebleeds.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of cauterization as a management protocol and compare findings with existing literature.

Main Methods:

  • A study was conducted on 304 patients presenting with epistaxis at a tertiary care center in central India.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed using clinical evaluation, radiology, and endoscopy.
  • Data on patient demographics, etiology, and treatment outcomes were collected and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Epistaxis was most prevalent in the first to third decades of life and more common in males.
  • Anterior epistaxis was more frequent, particularly during cold weather.
  • Trauma and infection were common causes in younger individuals, while hypertension was noted in the elderly.

Conclusions:

  • Cauterization is an efficient and effective method for managing epistaxis, leading to shorter hospitalizations.
  • Findings suggest potential shifts in epistaxis trends compared to historical data, warranting further investigation.