Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 4, 2025
Pedicle Screw Placement Using an Augmented Reality Head-Mounted Display in a Porcine Model
Published on: May 24, 2024
[Analysis of implant placement accuracy using freehand in 68 consecutive patients with 97 implants]
Xiang-Yong Han1, Xiao-Ming Xu, Ya-Qiong Ju
1Dental Implant Clinic, Shanghai Minhang District Dental Center. Shanghai 201107, China.
Purpose:
To analyze the accuracy of implant position in simple cases by freehand.
Methods:
Ninety-seven implants of 68 patients from 3 surgeons were selected.After operation,the deviations of implant position at shoulder apex and angle were measured using cone-beam CT(CBCT).The mean of three parameters were calculated with SPSS 22.0 software package, and the differences were analyzed between three surgeons,three operation areas,free-end missing and non free-end missing.
Results:
The deviations of 97 implants were (0.76±0.57)mm，(1.41±0.90)mm，(4.76±3.68)° at shoulder, apex and angle.The deviation of shoulder apex and angle between three surgeons was significantly different(P<0.05). The deviations between left and right group were not significantly different (P>0.05); the deviations between anterior group and left group were significantly different(P<0.05); the deviations between anterior group and right group were not significantly different(P>0.05). The deviation of shoulder between free-end missing area and non free-end missing area was significantly different(P<0.05),other parameters between the two groups were not significantly different(P>0.05).
Conclusions:
The deviation of implant placement between surgical guide and mental guide were similar in simple cases. The experience of surgeon was important during freehand implant placement. The deviations were lower when missing tooth is in anterior area than in posterior area, whereas the same at shoulder in non free-end missing area than in free-end missing area.
