Ionotronic Luminescent Fibers, Fabrics, and Other Configurations

A family of recently developed devices, hydrogel ionotronics, uses hydrogels as ionic conductors, and uses hydrophobic elastomers as dielectrics. This development has posed a challenge: integrate hydrogels and hydrophobic elastomers-in various manufacturing processes-with strong, stretchable, and transparent adhesion. Here, a multistep dip-coating process is described to enable hydrogel ionotronics of diverse configurations. In doing so, a hydrophobic surface is primed to let a hydrophilic precursor wet it, and then polymers of different layers are interlinked with covalent bonds. As a representative example, an ionotronic luminescent fiber that can be lengthened to ≈2.5 times its original length and keeps functioning after 10 000 cycles of stretching is fabricated. A luminescent fabric that displays movable pixels and other configurations is also demonstrated. The proposed method of fabrication expands the design space for hydrogel ionotronics.