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Intersectional Disparities Among Hispanic Groups in COVID-19 Outcomes
Michael Poulson1,2, Miriam Neufeld1,2, Alaina Geary1,2
1Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA.
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health
|October 22, 2020
Summary
Hispanic individuals, including Hispanic White, Hispanic Black, and Hispanic Multiracial/Other groups, faced significantly higher risks of COVID-19 hospitalization and death compared to non-Hispanic Whites. This highlights critical health disparities requiring targeted interventions.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Health Disparities
Background:
- Geographically limited studies indicated COVID-19 disproportionately affected Hispanic populations.
- Understanding these disparities is crucial for effective public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and death among distinct Hispanic subgroups compared to non-Hispanic Whites.
- To quantify the disparities in severe COVID-19 outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
- Employed multivariate Poisson regression to analyze hospitalization and death risks.
- Compared Hispanic White (HW), Hispanic Black (HB), and Hispanic Multiracial/Other (HM) groups against non-Hispanic Whites (NHW).
Main Results:
- HW, HB, and HM individuals showed significantly higher relative risks for hospitalization (1.35, 1.58, 1.50 respectively) and death (1.36, 1.72, 1.68 respectively) compared to NHW.
- Increased risk of mechanical ventilation and ICU admission was observed in all Hispanic subgroups versus NHW.
- Statistical significance (p < 0.001) was found for all compared risks.
Conclusions:
- Hispanic individuals experience a greater likelihood of severe COVID-19 outcomes, including hospitalization and mortality.
- Significant disparities persist across different Hispanic subgroups when compared to non-Hispanic Whites.
- The findings underscore the necessity for precise data collection and tailored policies to address unique Hispanic group needs and reduce health inequities.
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