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Simulating Large Quantum Circuits on a Small Quantum Computer.

Tianyi Peng1, Aram W Harrow2, Maris Ozols3

  • 1Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.

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|October 23, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Simulating larger quantum systems on smaller quantum computers is now possible. A new cluster simulation scheme efficiently handles circuits with limited quantum communication, enabling complex calculations like molecular energy estimation.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Computing
  • Computational Physics
  • Quantum Information Science

Background:

  • Limited quantum memory hinders near-term quantum device capabilities.
  • Simulating larger quantum systems on smaller devices is a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel cluster simulation scheme for quantum circuits.
  • To enable simulation of quantum systems exceeding available qubit counts.

Main Methods:

  • Decomposition of quantum circuit tensor networks into clusters.
  • Development of a cluster simulation scheme based on parameters K (inter-cluster communication) and d (cluster size).
  • Application to simulating clustered quantum systems and variational eigensolvers.

Main Results:

  • A cluster simulation scheme for (K,d)-clustered quantum circuits on d-qubit machines in time complexity roughly 2^{O(K)}.
  • Successful simulation of clustered quantum systems, including large molecules.
  • Experimental demonstration of a quantum variational eigensolver achieving desired performance with half the qubits for BeH2 molecule energy estimation.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed cluster simulation scheme effectively addresses quantum memory limitations.
  • This approach facilitates the simulation of complex quantum systems and algorithms on resource-constrained quantum devices.
  • Experimental validation confirms the practical applicability for molecular simulations.