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3D bioprinting processes: A perspective on classification and terminology.

Jia Min Lee1, Swee Leong Sing1, Miaomiao Zhou1

  • 1Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.

International Journal of Bioprinting
|October 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study classifies cell-compatible bioprinting processes into four categories to standardize terminology. This framework aims to accelerate the adoption of 3D bioprinting in research and industry.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Engineering

Background:

  • 3D bioprinting is a rapidly advancing field with diverse techniques.
  • Lack of standardized terminology hinders research and commercialization.
  • Existing classifications do not adequately address cell-compatible processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a refined classification system for 3D bioprinting processes.
  • To integrate 3D bioprinting within the broader 3D printing technology landscape.
  • To establish a foundational framework for process terminology standardization.

Main Methods:

  • Categorization of bioprinting technologies into four distinct process groups: material jetting, vat photopolymerization, material extrusion, and free-form spatial printing.
Keywords:
3D bioprintingadditive manufacturingbioassemblymaterial extrusionmaterial jettingvat photopolymerization

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  • Analysis of existing 3D printing classifications.
  • Discussion of definitions and examples for each category.

    • Main Results:

    • A clear classification of cell-compatible bioprinting processes is presented.
    • Four main categories encompassing various bioprinting techniques are defined.
    • Examples illustrate the grouping of techniques within each category.

    Conclusions:

    • Standardized terminology for 3D bioprinting processes is crucial for scientific advancement.
    • The proposed framework facilitates clearer communication and accelerates technology implementation.
    • This classification supports both research and commercial development in bioprinting.