Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sound Intensity Level00:53

Sound Intensity Level

4.6K
Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and...
4.6K
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

831
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
831
Hearing01:31

Hearing

55.8K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
55.8K
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

709
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
709
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

6.7K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
6.7K
Echo01:06

Echo

746
The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources.
Imagine the sound is reflected back to the ears. Assuming that the source is very close to the human, the difference between hearing the two sounds—the emitted sound and the reflected sound—may be more than the minimum time for perceiving distinct sounds. If this is the case,...
746

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Long-term small effective population size, inbreeding, and a recessive lethal haplotype drive premature death in the endangered Devils Hole pupfish (Cyprinodon diabolis).

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

First molecular detection of <i>Leishmania infantum</i> in a domestic cat from Costa Rica.

JFMS open reports·2026
Same author

Titin cleavage in living cardiomyocytes induces sarcomere disassembly but does not trigger cell proliferation.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2026
Same author

Space diplomacy: bridging the operating gaps between myriad missions.

Nature·2026
Same author

Identifying Hearing Difficulty Moments in Conversational Audio.

Trends in hearing·2026
Same author

Applying a hypothetical strategy to the intercurrent event of non-adherence with the parametric g-formula: a post hoc secondary analysis of the MET-PREVENT randomised controlled trial.

Trials·2026
Same journal

Cultural Differences in Listening Environments Between Hispanic and White Non-Hispanic Cochlear Implant Users.

Ear and hearing·2026
Same journal

Detection of Inner Ear Malformations Based on Simple Anatomical Measurements: A Model Approach.

Ear and hearing·2026
Same journal

Avoiding Cisplatin-Related Hearing Loss, Including Implementing Sodium Thiosulfate as Otoprotectant Into Daily Pediatric Clinical Practice: Proceedings Based on Evidence and Expert Opinion From the Ototoxicity Taskforce of the SIOP Supportive Care Network.

Ear and hearing·2026
Same journal

Quantifying Miscommunications in Triadic Conversations: Effects of Hearing Impairment, Hearing Aids, and Background Noise.

Ear and hearing·2026
Same journal

Weeklong Noise Exposure of 100 College Students Who Participate in Music Activities.

Ear and hearing·2026
Same journal

Cortical Auditory Neural Responses to Speech and Communicative Functioning in Normocephalic Children With Prenatal Exposure to the Zika Virus.

Ear and hearing·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 3, 2025

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
06:04

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

655

Auditory Measures for the Next Billion Users.

Malcolm Slaney1, Richard F Lyon, Ricardo Garcia

  • 1Google Inc., Mountain View, California, USA.

Ear and Hearing
|October 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New hearing technologies, including sound amplification and speech recognition, offer improved communication for many. These innovations require new performance metrics beyond traditional measures to optimize user experience and accessibility.

More Related Videos

Making Sense of Listening: The IMAP Test Battery
11:25

Making Sense of Listening: The IMAP Test Battery

Published on: October 11, 2010

16.2K
Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique
11:39

Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique

Published on: September 7, 2022

2.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 3, 2025

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
06:04

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

655
Making Sense of Listening: The IMAP Test Battery
11:25

Making Sense of Listening: The IMAP Test Battery

Published on: October 11, 2010

16.2K
Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique
11:39

Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique

Published on: September 7, 2022

2.4K

Area of Science:

  • Audiology and Human-Computer Interaction
  • Digital Health and Assistive Technologies

Background:

  • Billions worldwide face hearing challenges, often lacking access to professional medical expertise.
  • Emerging technologies like personal sound amplification and real-time speech processing offer new avenues for auditory assistance.
  • Traditional performance metrics for speech recognition may not adequately capture user experience in real-time applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore current, new, and future directions in hearing assistance technologies.
  • To highlight the need for novel methods to evaluate the success of these technologies.
  • To discuss the potential of advanced technologies to improve communication for a broader population.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current and emerging auditory assistance technologies, including personal sound amplification products, speech enhancement, and speech recognition.
  • Discussion of performance optimization challenges, particularly the trade-off between latency and user interface in real-time speech recognition.
  • Exploration of deep neural network applications in speech enhancement and audio classification.

Main Results:

  • Inexpensive mobile audio enhancement technologies can provide immediate benefits.
  • Speech recognition may reduce the need for traditional amplification, benefiting both hearing-impaired and normal-hearing individuals.
  • Deep neural networks significantly improve speech enhancement (signal-to-noise ratio) and environmental sound recognition.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced technologies like deep neural networks and auditory attention decoding promise to revolutionize hearing assistance.
  • Future systems aim to understand user attention, enabling more responsive devices.
  • Developing new performance evaluation methods is crucial for optimizing these transformative hearing technologies.