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Generation of plane spiral orbital angular momentum using circular double-slot Vivaldi antenna array
Yongzhong Zhu1, Weiguo Dang2, Xiaoyu Liu2
1College of Information Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi'an, 710086, Shaanxi, China. bsbs1980@sina.com.
Scientific Reports
|October 28, 2020
Summary
This study introduces a new method for generating plane spiral orbital angular momentum (PSOAM) vortex beams using a compact circular antenna array. The novel antenna design is easily fabricated and demonstrates successful PSOAM generation with mode number l=3 at 5 GHz.
Area of Science:
- Electromagnetics and Wave Propagation
- Antenna Theory and Design
- Vortex Beam Generation
Background:
- Orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex beams offer unique properties for advanced communication systems.
- Generating stable and efficient OAM beams, particularly plane spiral OAM (PSOAM), remains a challenge.
- Circular antenna arrays (CAAs) are suitable platforms for OAM beam formation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose and validate a novel and feasible solution for generating PSOAM vortex beams.
- To investigate the principle of PSOAM generation in a circular antenna array.
- To demonstrate a compact and easily fabricated antenna design for PSOAM generation.
Main Methods:
- Deduction of the general principle for generating PSOAM in a CAA.
- Simulation and verification using a dipole CAA model.
- Design and fabrication of a CAA incorporating four sequential double-slot Vivaldi antenna elements.
Main Results:
- Successful generation of PSOAM vortex beam with mode number l=3 at 5 GHz.
- Observation of the characteristic vortex phase for l=3.
- Measured peak gain of 5.7 dB.
- Achieved impedance bandwidth (S11 < -10 dB) exceeding 40% from 4 to 6 GHz (VSWR < 2).
Conclusions:
- The proposed antenna design offers a practical and miniaturized solution for PSOAM generation.
- The experimental results validate the theoretical principles of PSOAM generation in the developed CAA.
- The antenna exhibits good performance characteristics, including gain and wide bandwidth, suitable for OAM applications.
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