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Positive Regulator Molecules02:39

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Mitotic cell division results in daughter cells that exactly resemble the parent cell. However, errors in the DNA replication or distribution of genetic material may lead to genetic mutations that may be passed down to every new cell formed from the resulting abnormal cell. Propagation of such mutant cells is restricted through checkpoint mechanisms present at different stages of the cell cycle. These checkpoints involve regulator molecules that either promote or demote cell cycle events.
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CyclinA1 Promoter Methylation in Self-Sampling Test.

Shina Oranratanaphan1, Malika Kengsakul2, Surang Triratanachat1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP
|October 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

CyclinA1 (CCNA1) promoter methylation shows high specificity for detecting high-grade cervical lesions (CIN2+). CCNA1 can serve as an important marker, especially when combined with self-sampled HPV testing, to identify women needing further investigation for cervical cancer.

Keywords:
CCNA1CIN2+CyclinA1 promotor methylationcervical cancer screeningself-sampling

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Cervical cancer screening relies on HPV testing, but cytology from self-samples isn't suitable for triage.
  • Alternative triage methods are needed for effective cervical cancer prevention.
  • CyclinA1 (CCNA1) promoter methylation is strongly linked to cervical precancerous and cancerous lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the diagnostic accuracy of CCNA1 methylation and self-sampled HPV testing.
  • To evaluate their effectiveness in detecting high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions or worse (CIN2+).

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study enrolled women with abnormal cytology or positive high-risk HPV (hrHPV) tests.
  • Self-collected samples were tested for hrHPV DNA and CCNA1 promoter methylation.
  • Histopathology (CIN2+) from colposcopic biopsy/excision served as the gold standard.

Main Results:

  • CCNA1 methylation demonstrated high specificity (99.5%) and accuracy (82.14%) for CIN2+ detection.
  • CCNA1 was positive in 13 patients, with 12 having CIN2+.
  • Self-sampled HPV (SS-HPV) testing showed higher sensitivity (70.5%) but lower specificity (39.2%) and accuracy (43.3%).

Conclusions:

  • CCNA1 methylation exhibits high specificity and positive predictive value for high-grade cervical lesions.
  • It can serve as an alarming sign for high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions.
  • CCNA1 is particularly valuable in patients with positive hrHPV DNA tests from self-collected samples.