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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 3, 2025

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Distributed transverse-force sensing along a single-mode fiber using polarization-analyzing OFDR.

Ting Feng, Junnan Zhou, Yanling Shang

    Optics Express
    |October 29, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a novel method for direct distributed transverse-force (TF) sensing using polarization-analyzing optical frequency-domain reflectometry (PA-OFDR). The system achieves high sensitivity and spatial resolution for accurate TF measurement along single-mode fibers.

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    Area of Science:

    • * Photonics and Optical Sensing
    • * Materials Science and Engineering
    • * Applied Physics

    Background:

    • * Distributed sensing systems are crucial for monitoring physical parameters along structures.
    • * Traditional transverse-force (TF) sensing often requires complex force-to-strain conversions.
    • * Optical Frequency-Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) offers high-resolution sensing capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • * To demonstrate the first direct distributed transverse-force (TF) sensing along a single-mode fiber (SMF).
    • * To develop a system capable of measuring transverse line-force (TLF) distribution without force-to-strain conversion.
    • * To investigate the performance characteristics and practical implementation of the developed sensing technology.

    Main Methods:

    • * Utilization of a self-built polarization-analyzing optical frequency-domain reflectometry (PA-OFDR) system.
    • * Direct measurement of birefringence induced by TF via the photo-elastic effect.
    • * Experimental analysis of TF sensing performance, including sensitivity, dynamic range, spatial resolution, and distance.
    • * Investigation of the impact of different fiber coatings on TF sensing.

    Main Results:

    • * Achieved direct distributed TF sensing with a minimum detectable TLF of 6.61×10-4 N/mm and a maximum of 16.8 N/mm.
    • * Demonstrated a high dynamic range of over 44 dB and a spatial resolution of 3.7 mm.
    • * Achieved a TF sensing distance of 103.5 m with a measurement uncertainty of <2.432%.
    • * Identified polyimide coating as optimal for sensitivity and response speed, despite higher residual birefringence.

    Conclusions:

    • * The developed PA-OFDR system enables direct, high-performance distributed TF sensing.
    • * The technology offers a practical and potentially low-cost solution for TF measurement applications.
    • * Findings provide valuable insights for engineers and scientists implementing distributed TF sensing using SMFs.