Validation and Measurement Invariance of the Leuven Obsessional Intrusions Inventory in Two Different Cultures

Obsessions - recurrent unwanted intrusive thoughts - are one of the two pillars of the Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Although OCD has been reported across many different cultures, research on these cultural variations is hampered by the lack of cross-culturally sound instruments to assess intrusive thoughts. The aim of the current study is to investigate the psychometric properties of the recently developed Leuven Obsessional Intrusions Instrument (LOII) in two different cultural contexts. Turkish (N = 663) and Belgian (N = 496) participants were sampled from non-clinical student populations. Results from confirmatory factor analyses yielded a shortened version of the LOII (i.e., LOII-R) with a four-factor solution - aggressive, sexual, and contamination intrusions, and 'just-right' doubts - as the best fitting model across both cultures. The model met most criteria for strong measurement invariance, and proved to be both valid and reliable. The results of this study suggest that the LOII-R is a good candidate for cross-cultural studies on obsessional intrusions.