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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

332
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
332
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

317
Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

329
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
329
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

349
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
349
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

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Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
313
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

659
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
659

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Related Experiment Video

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Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis
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Biologic Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis.

Abhik Bhattacharya1, Mark Tomislav Osterman2

  • 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Hospital, 1468 Madison Avenue, Annenberg Building, 5th floor, Room A5-07C, New York City, NY 11101, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/abhikbhatta.

Gastroenterology Clinics of North America
|October 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Current ulcerative colitis (UC) treatments include five biologics. Therapeutic drug monitoring and personalized medicine may enhance long-term efficacy for UC patients.

Keywords:
BiologicsTherapeutic drug monitoringUlcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Five biologic agents are approved for moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC) treatment.
  • These biologics, including infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, vedolizumab, and ustekinumab, demonstrate variable efficacy.
  • Limited head-to-head trials exist, with only one comparing adalimumab and vedolizumab.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of biologic therapies for ulcerative colitis.
  • To highlight the importance of therapeutic drug monitoring for biologics.
  • To discuss future directions in personalized UC treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on biologic therapies for ulcerative colitis.
  • Analysis of available head-to-head trial data.
  • Discussion of therapeutic drug monitoring principles and personalized medicine approaches.

Main Results:

  • Biologics are first-line treatments for moderate to severe UC, but efficacy varies.
  • A single head-to-head trial comparing adalimumab and vedolizumab exists.
  • Therapeutic drug monitoring, particularly for anti-TNF alpha agents, may improve long-term outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Personalized medicine, considering patient and disease characteristics, is a future direction for UC treatment.
  • Biomarker identification and therapeutic drug monitoring are crucial for optimizing biologic therapy.
  • Further head-to-head trials are needed to guide clinical decision-making in UC management.