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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Mouse Body Temperature Measurement Using Infrared Thermometer During Passive Systemic Anaphylaxis and Food Allergy Evaluation
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Cold Anaphylaxis: A Case Report.

Cody Brevik1, Matthew Zuckerman2

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado.

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|October 30, 2020
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This summary is machine-generated.

Cold anaphylaxis is a severe hypersensitivity reaction to cold. Emergency physicians must recognize this potentially life-threatening condition for accurate diagnosis and management.

Keywords:
anaphylaxiscold exposureurticaria

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Cold anaphylaxis is a severe hypersensitivity reaction to cold exposure.
  • It can manifest with localized or systemic symptoms and may be acquired, heritable, or idiopathic.

Observation:

  • A 34-year-old man experienced severe hypotension and shortness of breath after cold air exposure post-shower.
  • The patient required epinephrine administration, including an infusion, and intensive care unit monitoring.
  • A positive ice cube test confirmed the diagnosis of cold-induced urticaria/anaphylaxis.

Findings:

  • Cold anaphylaxis is a rare but potentially fatal condition.
  • Specific diagnostic testing, such as the ice cube test, can confirm the diagnosis.
  • Awareness among emergency physicians is crucial for appropriate patient guidance and management.

Implications:

  • Recognizing cold anaphylaxis can alter patient management and preventative strategies.
  • This condition can cause sudden decompensation in critically ill patients, especially with cold IV fluid administration.
  • Emergency physicians should consider cold anaphylaxis in unexplained hypotensive or respiratory distress cases following cold exposure.