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Identification of cells of the human mononuclear phagocyte system with rat monoclonal antibodies
Abstract:
Five rat monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) to human macrophages are described: YTH 8.18, YTH 25.7, YTH 51.1, YTH 85.12.1, and YHB 65.5. These McAbs are divided into three groups, since YTH 8.18, YTH 51.1, and YHB 65.5 are thought to identify the same antigen. These McAbs react with some bone marrow blast cells, granulocytes, and different percentages of peripheral blood monocytes. When studied on different body tissues, they were found to identify all members of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), except Langerhans cells of skin and epithelium and in the case of one group (YTH 8.18/YTH 51.1/YHB 65.5) osteoclasts. In nine reactive lymph nodes the anti macrophage McAbs identified germinal centre macrophages, sinus macrophages, and interdigitating cells, but not dendritic reticulum cells. They also identified epithelioid macrophages and Langhans-type multi-nucleated giant cells in lymph nodes involved in granulomatous lesions (sarcoidosis and toxoplasmosis). In 24 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the antimacrophage McAbs identified reactive macrophages in cases of B- or T-lymphocyte origin, whereas in three selected cases of true histiocytic lymphoma all the McAbs were found to be reactive with the vast majority of neoplastic macrophages as they were with the cells of a neoplastic macrophage line (U937). The possible use of these McAbs in the identification of benign and malignant macrophages in different systems is discussed.
Insights
Five new rat monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) identify human macrophages and mononuclear phagocyte system cells. These McAbs show potential for distinguishing benign and malignant macrophages in various tissues and diseases.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Pathology
Background:
- Macrophages are crucial immune cells involved in various physiological and pathological processes.
- Accurate identification of macrophage populations is essential for understanding immune responses and diagnosing diseases.
- Existing methods for macrophage identification may lack specificity or comprehensiveness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and characterize novel rat monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) for identifying human macrophages.
- To investigate the reactivity of these McAbs across different tissues and cell types within the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS).
- To explore the utility of these McAbs in distinguishing benign from malignant macrophages in various disease contexts.
Main Methods:
- Production and characterization of five rat monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) against human macrophages.
- Immunohistochemical analysis of McAb reactivity on various human tissues, including lymph nodes and neoplastic lesions.
- Testing McAb binding on bone marrow cells, peripheral blood monocytes, and macrophage cell lines.
Main Results:
- Five McAbs (YTH 8.18, YTH 25.7, YTH 51.1, YTH 85.12.1, YHB 65.5) were generated, falling into three distinct reactivity groups.
- McAbs identified most mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) members, excluding Langerhans cells and osteoclasts (for one group).
- McAbs detected macrophages in reactive lymph nodes, granulomatous lesions, and differentiated reactive macrophages from neoplastic macrophages in lymphomas and histiocytic lymphoma.
Conclusions:
- The developed McAbs are valuable tools for identifying macrophages and MPS cells.
- These McAbs can differentiate between various macrophage populations in normal and pathological conditions.
- The McAbs hold promise for the diagnosis and study of macrophage-related benign and malignant conditions.
