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The Role of PPARs in Disease
Nicole Wagner1, Kay-Dietrich Wagner1
1Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, iBV, 06107 Nice, France.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) regulate metabolism and cell functions. This issue explores recent advances in PPARs, highlighting therapeutic potential for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, despite controversies surrounding PPARβ/δ.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Research
Background:
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors acting as ligand-activated transcription factors.
- Three isoforms (PPARα, PPARβ/δ, PPARγ) exist, with lipids as endogenous ligands, linking them to metabolic regulation.
- PPARs heterodimerize with retinoic X receptors to control gene expression involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival.
Discussion:
- PPARs are implicated in metabolic disorders, making them significant pharmaceutical targets.
- PPARα and PPARγ agonists are clinically used for hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes.
- PPARβ/δ activation shows promise for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases but faces controversy regarding its role in cancer.
Key Insights:
- Lipid metabolism is intrinsically linked to PPAR signaling pathways.
- Cellular processes like proliferation and differentiation are modulated by PPAR activity.
- PPARs represent a critical nexus between metabolism, cell function, and disease pathogenesis.
Outlook:
- This Special Issue compiles recent research on PPAR mechanisms and functions.
- New insights are provided into the diverse roles of PPARs across different biological contexts.
- The latest therapeutic strategies for modulating PPARs in various disease settings are discussed.
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