Estimation of folic acid/micro nutrients levels; Does it reflect sperm parameters

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Endocrinology
• Nutritional Biochemistry
• Male Infertility Research

Background:

• Male infertility affects a significant portion of couples seeking conception.
• Micronutrient deficiencies, including Vitamin B12 and folic acid, are implicated in impaired reproductive health.
• Methylmalonic acid (MMA) serves as a sensitive biomarker for Vitamin B12 status.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between serum levels of Vitamin B12, folic acid (FA), and methylmalonic acid (MMA) and male fertility parameters.
• To determine the impact of these micronutrients on sperm count, motility, and morphology.
• To explore the relationship between these nutrients and reproductive hormones in infertile men.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study involving fertile (n=186) and infertile (n=88) men from Karachi, Pakistan.
• Serum Vitamin B12, FA, and MMA levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
• Cox and linear regression analyses were employed to assess associations with infertility and semen parameters, respectively.

Main Results:

• Increased levels of Vitamin B12, FA, and MMA were associated with decreased infertility prevalence (1%, 17%, and 74% reduction per unit increase, respectively).
• Multivariate analysis confirmed significant positive associations between these micronutrients and sperm count, motility, and morphology.
• Positive correlations were observed between luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone with Vitamin B12 and FA levels.

Conclusions:

• Vitamin B12, folic acid, and MMA significantly enhance sperm parameters crucial for male fertility.
• These micronutrients play a vital role in reproductive function and may be beneficial for improving male fertility outcomes.
• Supplementation or addressing deficiencies in these nutrients could be a strategy to support male reproductive health.