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Current Approaches to COVID-19: Therapy and Prevention
Subhal B Dixit1, Kapil G Zirpe2, Atul P Kulkarni3
1Sanjeevan and MJM Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Summary
Current COVID-19 treatments are evolving. Hydroxychloroquine shows no benefit, while antivirals like remdesivir and favipiravir offer promise. Steroids, heparin, and immunomodulators are used cautiously in hospitalized patients.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Critical Care Medicine
- Pharmacology
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates rapid adaptation of patient management strategies.
- Evolving scientific evidence guides clinical decision-making for coronavirus disease-2019.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current global therapeutic approaches for COVID-19.
- To discuss the evidence supporting various treatment modalities for coronavirus disease-2019.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search for published evidence on COVID-19 treatments.
- Discussion of available clinical evidence for different therapeutic agents.
Main Results:
- Hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin shows no benefit and may increase arrhythmia risk.
- Remdesivir and favipiravir demonstrate promising results in hastening recovery and reducing mortality.
- Steroids should be used in low doses for short durations (≤7 days) in moderate to severe hospitalized patients.
- Low-molecular-weight heparin is recommended for all hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
- Immunomodulators like tocilizumab may benefit severe/critically ill patients.
- Convalescent plasma therapy shows potential for critically ill patients, requiring further evidence.
Conclusions:
- Current COVID-19 treatment relies on available evidence while awaiting a potent vaccine.
- Therapeutic strategies are dynamic and informed by ongoing research and clinical trials.
- Further evidence generation is needed for emerging therapies like convalescent plasma and ulinastatin.
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