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Acute Pericarditis and Pericardial Effusion in a Hypertensive COVID-19 Patient

Syeda Ghadeer Zehra Naqvi1,2, Uzma Naseeb1, Kainat Fatima2,3

  • 1Internal Medicine, Sindh Medical College, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK.

Cureus
|November 2, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This case study highlights rare pericarditis and pericardial effusion in a hypertensive patient with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It emphasizes that cardiac complications can occur even in mild or asymptomatic COVID-19 cases.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a known cause of cardiovascular complications.
  • Common cardiac manifestations include acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and left ventricular dysfunction.
  • Pericardial involvement, such as pericarditis and pericardial effusion, is considered rare in COVID-19 patients.

Observation:

  • A case of pericarditis and pericardial effusion is presented in a hypertensive patient diagnosed with COVID-19.
  • The patient presented with no significant viral respiratory illness and was otherwise healthy.
  • This presentation posed a diagnostic challenge due to the rarity of pericardial involvement in non-critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Findings:

  • The study details a rare instance of pericarditis and pericardial effusion secondary to COVID-19.
  • Cardiovascular manifestations of COVID-19 can occur even in patients with mild or asymptomatic disease.
  • Hypertension was a noted comorbidity in this patient.

Implications:

  • This case expands the spectrum of known cardiovascular complications associated with COVID-19.
  • It suggests that clinicians should consider pericardial involvement in the differential diagnosis of cardiac symptoms in COVID-19 patients, irrespective of disease severity.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the mechanisms and prevalence of rare cardiac manifestations in COVID-19.

Keywords:
cardiaccardiovascularcovid-19hypertensivepericardial effusionpericarditis

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