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Updated: Sep 2, 2026

Probe-based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy of the Urinary Tract: The Technique
Published on: January 10, 2013
Newer diagnostic techniques for bladder cancer
H B Carter1, J B Amberson, N H Bander
1James Buchanan Brady Foundation, Department of Surgery, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York.
Abstract:
As described in the above paragraphs, efforts in the areas of immunology, cytogenetics, molecular biology, and cytopathology have been applied to the problems urologists face in treating the individual patient with bladder cancer. It is hoped that continued investigations in these disciplines will not only lead to earlier diagnosis of bladder cancer and better prediction of tumor behavior but will further our understanding of the molecular basis of oncogenesis.
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