Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 2, 2025
External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?
Published on: June 6, 2020
Comparison of perinatal outcomes for all modes of second stage delivery in obstetric theatres: a retrospective
L Gurney1, B H Al Wattar2, A Sher3
1West Midlands Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
Objective:
To compare rates of vaginal delivery and adverse outcomes of instrumental delivery trials in obstetric theatre compared to primary emergency full dilation caesarean section.
Design:
Retrospective cohort study.
Setting:
University teaching hospital.
Population:
Women with singleton, non-anomalous, pregnancy undergoing instrumental delivery trial in obstetric theatre.
Methods:
Data were collected from consecutive cases during 2014 until 2018 using clinical records. Multivariate regression analysis was used comparing outcomes per first delivery method.
Main Outcome Measures:
Primary outcome was completion of vaginal delivery between all methods of instrumental delivery. Secondary outcome was a composite of immediate perinatal adverse outcomes for instrumental delivery modes and primary full dilation caesarean section.
Results:
From 971 deliveries analysed: ventouse delivery was significantly less likely to achieve vaginal delivery compared with Keilland's forceps delivery (odds ratio [OR] 0.42, 95% CI 0.22-0.79). Once confounding factors were adjusted for, adverse outcome rates were less frequent in the Keilland's forceps group than with primary full dilation caesarean section (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.16-0.81); however, the receiver operating characteristic curve produced from this model demonstrated a low predictive value (AUC 0.64).
Conclusions:
Attempting instrumental delivery in delivery suite theatre, as an alternative to primary emergency full dilation caesarean section, is both reasonable and safe. In this study, ventouse delivery performed poorly in comparison with other modes of instrumental delivery. Further research in the form of randomised controlled trials to identify the optimal mode of second stage delivery is paramount.
Tweetable Abstract:
Instrumental delivery trials in theatre are safe but use of ventouse was associated with a higher rate of failure.
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