[Does instrumental delivery have an influence on the need for orthodontic treatment?]

The objective of this comparative retrospective cohort performed on 202 patients was to evaluate the influence of instrumental extraction (forceps, suction cup, spatula) during delivery on the need for orthodontic treatment. Questionnaires on the type of delivery were distributed in three different structures. The need for treatment was assessed using the IOTN indicator (Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need). The groups were compared by statistical tests at the significance level of 5 %. 202 patients were included (51 in the group « instrumental delivery », 151 in the control group). With an average IOTN of 3.3 in the « instrumental delivery » group versus 2.5 in the « non-instrumental delivery » group, the difference between the two groups is statistically significant (p = 0.00015). Since the need for orthodontic treatment is significantly higher in patients born by instrumental delivery compared to patients born without instrumental support, instrumental extraction is therefore a risk factor in orthodontics, diagnosis and orthodontic treatment may be indicated in these patients. In addition, provided that it is proven effective, early osteopathic management may be recommended.