Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Beams with Symmetric Loadings01:15

Beams with Symmetric Loadings

325
The moment-area method is an analytical tool used in structural engineering to determine the slope and deflection of beams under various loads. Consider a cantilever with a concentrated load and moment at the free end. The first step is constructing a free-body diagram to calculate the reactions at the fixed end. Next, the bending moment diagram is plotted to visualize how the bending moment varies along the beam's length, focusing on points where the bending moment equals zero.
The M/EI...
325
Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings01:17

Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings

301
Analyzing a supported beam under unsymmetrical loadings is essential in structural engineering to understand how beams respond to varied force distributions. This analysis involves calculating the deflection and identifying points where the slope of the beam is zero, which are crucial for ensuring structural stability and functionality.
The first moment-area theorem determines the slope at any point on the beam. This theorem indicates that the change in slope between two points on a beam...
301
Distribution of Stresses in a Narrow Rectangular Beam01:11

Distribution of Stresses in a Narrow Rectangular Beam

392
In studying beam stress distribution, examining an elemental section is essential. To determine the average shearing stress on this face, the calculated shear is divided by the surface area. Importantly, shearing stresses on the beam's transverse and horizontal planes mirror each other, indicating a consistent stress distribution along the upper region of the beam. Notably, shearing stresses are absent at the beam's upper and lower surfaces due to the absence of applied forces in these...
392
The Midpoint Formula01:24

The Midpoint Formula

481
In coordinate geometry, determining the central point between two locations is common. This central point, or midpoint, lies exactly halfway along the line segment connecting two points in a two-dimensional space. It has applications in mathematics, physics, engineering, and various planning disciplines.Given two points labeled as A (x1, y1) and B (x2, y2) on a coordinate plane, a straight line segment can be plotted between them. The midpoint, labeled point M, divides this segment into two...
481
Prismatic Beams: Problem Solving01:15

Prismatic Beams: Problem Solving

349
In the design of a supported timber beam subjected to a distributed load, both the beam's physical dimensions and the timber's characteristics, such as its grade and species, are critical. These factors determine the allowable stress values, which are crucial for calculating the necessary beam depth to ensure structural integrity and safety.
The design begins with analyzing the beam as a free body to identify moments and force balances, thereby determining support reactions. Next, the...
349
Distributed Loads: Problem Solving01:21

Distributed Loads: Problem Solving

961
Beams are structural elements commonly employed in engineering applications requiring different load-carrying capacities. The first step in analyzing a beam under a distributed load is to simplify the problem by dividing the load into smaller regions, which allows one to consider each region separately and calculate the magnitude of the equivalent resultant load acting on each portion of the beam. The magnitude of the equivalent resultant load for each region can be determined by calculating...
961

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Self-Interference Channel Training for Full-Duplex Massive MIMO Systems.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2021
Same author

Scheduled QR-BP Detector with Interference Cancellation and Candidate Constraints for MIMO Systems.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2021
Same journal

RETRACTED: Zhang et al. A Novel Framework for Reconstruction and Imaging of Target Scattering Centers via Wide-Angle Incidence in Radar Networks. <i>Sensors</i> 2025, <i>25</i>, 6802.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Enhancing Unsupervised Multi-Source Domain Adaptation for Person Re-Identification via Mixture of Experts and Graph-Based Relation.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Development of an Instrumented Glove for Palmar Pressure Assessment in Kayakers.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Development and Experimental Validation of an Autonomous IoT-Based Monitoring System for Real-Time Water Quality Assessment in the Amazon River.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Semi-Supervised Adversarial Learning Framework for Controller Area Network Bus Intrusion Detection.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Smart Optimization Method for Safety Signs in Innovative Manufacturing Environments Integrating Industrial Field IoT Sensors and Knowledge Graphs.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 2, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
09:43

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

10.2K

Statistical Beamforming for Massive MIMO Systems with Distinct Spatial Correlations.

Taehyoung Kim1, Sangjoon Park2

  • 1Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics Company Ltd., Seoul 06765, Korea.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We introduce a new partial-nulling-based statistical beamforming (PN-SBF) method for massive MIMO systems. PN-SBF effectively manages users with varying spatial channel correlations, improving ergodic sum rates compared to conventional methods.

Keywords:
distinct spatial correlationsmassive MIMOpartial nullingstatistical beamforming

More Related Videos

Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces
09:33

Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces

Published on: June 7, 2019

6.5K
Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
08:39

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

10.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 2, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
09:43

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

10.2K
Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces
09:33

Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces

Published on: June 7, 2019

6.5K
Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
08:39

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

10.2K

Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Wireless Communications
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Massive MIMO systems face challenges with users experiencing diverse spatial channel correlations, particularly in 5G networks.
  • Existing statistical beamforming (SBF) methods may not optimally handle these distinct correlation levels, potentially limiting system performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel SBF method, termed partial-nulling-based SBF (PN-SBF), designed to serve users with varying spatial channel correlations in massive MIMO systems.
  • To enhance the ergodic sum rate and overcome performance limitations of conventional SBF schemes in scenarios with mixed spatial correlations.

Main Methods:

  • Developed PN-SBF by analyzing statistical signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio to design beamforming vectors.
  • Implemented a group-common pre-beamforming matrix for the low-correlation group to mitigate interference to the high-correlation group.
  • Employed a signal-to-leakage-and-noise ratio maximization approach for post-beamforming vectors to address intra-group interference.

Main Results:

  • PN-SBF demonstrates superior performance in terms of ergodic sum rate compared to conventional SBF schemes in massive MIMO systems with distinct spatial correlations.
  • The proposed PN-SBF method avoids the rate ceiling effect observed in conventional SBF schemes at high signal-to-noise ratios.

Conclusions:

  • PN-SBF is an effective strategy for massive MIMO systems with spatially correlated users.
  • The method offers significant performance gains and improved spectral efficiency, especially in complex 5G environments.