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[Rare infections of the lungs not endemic in Germany]

Frieder Pfäfflin1, Miriam Songa Stegemann1

  • 1Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Infektiologie und Pneumologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Deutschland.

Der Pneumologe
|November 9, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This article details rare, non-endemic infections like avian influenza, MERS, and plague, emphasizing their pulmonary risks and isolation needs. It also covers misdiagnosed fungal and parasitic diseases, highlighting travel history for accurate diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Tropical Medicine
  • Public Health

Context:

  • Focuses on infections not typically endemic to Germany, posing diagnostic challenges.
  • Highlights the risk of severe pulmonary complications and nosocomial spread.
  • Emphasizes the importance of travel history and exposure in endemic areas for diagnosis.

Purpose:

  • To describe the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and management of rare, non-endemic infections.
  • To raise awareness among healthcare professionals about these diseases.
  • To provide guidance on diagnosis and prevention strategies.

Summary:

  • Discusses viral (Avian Influenza, MERS), bacterial (Plague, Melioidosis), fungal (Blastomycosis, Paracoccidioidomycosis, Histoplasmosis), and parasitic (Paragonimiasis) infections.
  • Details potential severe pulmonary complications, high mortality rates, and the necessity of patient isolation.
  • Explains common misclassifications, particularly with fungal infections mimicking community-acquired pneumonia, and the diagnostic value of anamnesis and eosinophilia.

Impact:

  • Aims to improve the recognition and timely diagnosis of these uncommon but serious infections in Germany.
  • Contributes to better patient management and potentially reduces mortality and morbidity.
  • Enhances preparedness for the occurrence of imported infectious diseases.
Keywords:
Avian influenzaFungal infectionsMelioidosisParasitic infectionsPulmonary diseases

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