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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 1, 2025

Habituation and Prepulse Inhibition of Acoustic Startle in Rodents

Habituation and Prepulse Inhibition of Acoustic Startle in Rodents

Published on: September 1, 2011

Temporal binding and agency under startle.

Mark Scott¹, Chenhao Chiu²

¹Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. mark.a.j.scott@gmail.com.

Experimental Brain Research

|November 9, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that the sense of agency and temporal binding effects, crucial for understanding self-initiated actions, are disrupted by startling sounds. This disruption supports the role of forward models in motor control.

Keywords:

Agency Forward models StartReact Startle Temporal binding

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Last Updated: Dec 1, 2025

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Published on: April 19, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Motor Control

Background:

Forward models predict sensory consequences of actions, underpinning motor control.
These models are hypothesized to explain the sense of agency and temporal binding.
The Startle paradigm involves a loud sound triggering rapid actions, potentially bypassing cortical processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of forward models in the sense of agency and temporal binding.
To examine how the Startle paradigm affects these phenomena.
To determine if startle-induced actions differ qualitatively from other actions.

Main Methods:

Replication of the temporal binding effect using the Startle paradigm.
Simultaneous measurement of participants' sense of agency.
Comparison of startle-initiated actions with self-initiated actions.

Main Results:

The temporal binding effect was replicated under the Startle paradigm.
Sense of agency was disrupted in participants under the Startle paradigm.
Results align with the hypothesis that forward models underpin these phenomena.

Conclusions:

Forward models are crucial for both the sense of agency and temporal binding.
Startle-induced actions appear to be qualitatively different, potentially circumventing forward models.
The findings support a unified role for forward models in action perception and control.