Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

140
Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
140
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

189
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
189
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

199
IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
199
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

201
Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
201
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

143
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
143
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

106
Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
106

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Toward precision in simulation of paediatric mitral valve repair using patient-specific fluid-structure interaction modelling.

European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice·2026
Same author

Association between hepatic vein Doppler and echocardiographic diastolic indices with invasively measured right ventricular filling pressures in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension.

International journal of cardiology·2026
Same author

Feasibility of 3D echocardiography-CT/CMR fusion to create atrioventricular valve-integrated 3D printed heart models in complex congenital heart disease: greater incremental benefit for surgeons than cardiac imagers.

3D printing in medicine·2026
Same author

Deep learning for vessel segmentation and flow analysis to identify clusters associated with adverse outcomes in a fontan patient registry.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Modern Imaging Guidelines for 3-D Modeling of Pediatric Solid Tumors: A New Era of Surgical Oncology Operative Planning.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Portopulmonary Hypertension Complicating Portal Vein Thrombosis: 1 Patient, 2 Outcomes.

The Canadian journal of cardiology·2025
Same journal

Proteomics-Based Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Levels Are Associated With Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in the General Population: Insights From the UK Biobank.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same journal

Sex-Specific Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Stroke Mortality.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same journal

Social Determinants of Health and Cardiovascular Disease-Related Outcome Disparities Among Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same journal

Graded Associations Between Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Improvement and Cardiorenal Outcomes in Heart Failure With Improved Ejection Fraction.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same journal

Early Multimodal Motor Training After Stroke Promotes Motor Recovery and Whole-Brain Structural Remodeling.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same journal

EAT-Lancet Diet, Plasma Metabolites, and Risk of Peripheral Artery Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 1, 2025

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure
07:41

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure

Published on: February 8, 2022

4.1K

Systematic Approach to Malalignment Type Ventricular Septal Defects.

Shi-Joon Yoo1,2,3, Mika Saito1,3, Nabil Hussein1,4

  • 1The Labatt Family Heart Centre The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada.

Journal of the American Heart Association
|November 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Congenital heart diseases can involve ventricular septal malalignment, leading to confusion in diagnosis. This essay presents a systematic approach to assess these malalignment type ventricular septal defects.

Keywords:
double outlet right ventriclemalalignmentoverridingstraddlingventricular septal defect

More Related Videos

A Pipeline to Characterize Structural Heart Defects in the Fetal Mouse
08:19

A Pipeline to Characterize Structural Heart Defects in the Fetal Mouse

Published on: December 16, 2022

2.2K
A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

4.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 1, 2025

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure
07:41

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure

Published on: February 8, 2022

4.1K
A Pipeline to Characterize Structural Heart Defects in the Fetal Mouse
08:19

A Pipeline to Characterize Structural Heart Defects in the Fetal Mouse

Published on: December 16, 2022

2.2K
A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

4.2K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

  • Ventricular septal malalignment is a feature of various congenital heart diseases.
  • Existing descriptions of these conditions can be confusing and inaccurate.
  • Accurate characterization is crucial for understanding and managing these defects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a systematic approach for assessing malalignment type ventricular septal defects.
  • To clarify the features and classification of ventricular septal malalignment.
  • To provide illustrative case examples for better comprehension.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic description of malalignment features.
  • Identification of the malaligned septal component.
  • Definition of the reference structure for malalignment.
  • Analysis of the mechanism and direction of malalignment.
  • Assessment of malalignment severity.

Main Results:

  • A structured method for evaluating ventricular septal malalignment is presented.
  • Key features including malaligned part, reference structure, mechanism, direction, and severity are defined.
  • Typical case examples demonstrate the application of the systematic approach.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed systematic approach provides a clear framework for understanding ventricular septal malalignment.
  • This method aids in accurate diagnosis and classification of related congenital heart diseases.
  • Improved understanding facilitates better patient management and outcomes.