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The microbial rare biosphere: current concepts, methods and ecological principles.

Francisco Pascoal1, Rodrigo Costa2,3,4,5, Catarina Magalhães1,6,7,8

  • 1Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixoes, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.

FEMS Microbiology Ecology
|November 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The rare biosphere, comprising low-abundance microbial life, is increasingly understood. This review synthesizes current knowledge on its taxa, functions, and ecological roles across life

Keywords:
community assemblyhistory of biological rarityhost–microbe interactionsrare biosphere functionsrare microeukaryotes, rare viruses

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Area of Science:

  • Microbial Ecology
  • Macroecology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Advances in sequencing enable detailed study of microbial communities.
  • The 'rare biosphere' concept, previously from macroecology, is now applied to microbes.
  • An integrated view of low-abundance microbial taxa, functions, and metabolism is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of the microbial rare biosphere.
  • To bridge the concept of the rare biosphere from macroecology to microbial ecology.
  • To synthesize current knowledge and methodological advances.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of historical and recent studies.
  • Analysis of ecological, taxonomic, and evolutionary data.
  • Examination of conceptual models for microbial community assembly.

Main Results:

  • The review covers prokaryotic, microeukaryotic, viral, and host-associated rare biospheres.
  • Methodological advancements are discussed in the context of rare biosphere research.
  • The role of the rare biosphere in community assembly, composition, and function is explored.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the rare biosphere is crucial for a complete picture of microbial life.
  • Future research should focus on integrating diverse data to understand rare biosphere dynamics.
  • The rare biosphere significantly influences microbial community structure and ecosystem functions.