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Locked-in Syndrome in a Young Patient Due to SARS-CoV-2: A Case Report

Saud Bin Abdul Sattar1, Qasim Zafar Iqbal1, Muhammad Adnan Haider2

  • 1Staten Island University Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, United States.

Frontiers in Medicine
|November 12, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can affect the central nervous system, leading to thrombotic events like strokes. This case highlights a rare instance of locked-in syndrome caused by COVID-19-associated coagulopathy.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) commonly affects the respiratory system but also impacts the central nervous system.
  • Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 range from headaches to ischemic strokes.
  • COVID-19-associated coagulopathy presents with a high prevalence of thrombotic episodes, particularly in critically ill patients.

Observation:

  • A unique case of a young woman with COVID-19 is presented.
  • The patient developed locked-in syndrome during her illness.
  • This severe neurological outcome was attributed to bilateral pontine infarction.

Findings:

  • COVID-19 can trigger complex coagulopathy, leading to thrombus formation in arteries, veins, and microvasculatures.
  • Bilateral pontine infarction, a rare complication, can result from COVID-19-associated thrombotic events.
  • Locked-in syndrome is a potential, albeit uncommon, neurological sequela of severe COVID-19.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the critical need for vigilance regarding neurological complications in COVID-19 patients.
  • Understanding COVID-19-associated coagulopathy is crucial for managing severe cases and preventing devastating outcomes.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms linking COVID-19 to thrombotic events and neurological damage.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS- CoV-2hypercoagulabilitylocked-in syndromethrombotic complication

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