Adherence to oral glucose tolerance testing in children in stage 1 of type 1 diabetes: The TEDDY study

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Kimberly A Driscoll1, Roy Tamura2, Suzanne Bennett Johnson3

  • 1College of Public Health & Health Professions, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

Pediatric Diabetes
|November 12, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Adherence to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for children at high risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D) was suboptimal. Improving adherence requires strategies to enhance parental engagement and understanding of T1D risk.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Autoimmune Disease Research
  • Clinical Trial Methodology

Background:

  • Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by islet cell destruction.
  • Early detection of T1D development is crucial for timely intervention and management.
  • The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study monitors children at high risk for T1D.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate adherence to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) protocol in children with multiple islet autoantibodies.
  • To identify factors influencing adherence to OGTT in the early stages of T1D development.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of adherence data from children enrolled in the TEDDY study.
  • Examination of demographic, familial, and maternal factors associated with OGTT completion.
  • Comparison of adherence rates across different countries and healthcare settings.

Main Results:

  • Overall adherence to the OGTT protocol was 62%, with significant international variations.
  • Nonadherence was linked to having a family history of T1D, using local labs, and maternal underestimation of risk.
  • Higher adherence was observed when mothers were satisfied with study participation and actively monitored glucose levels.

Conclusions:

  • Adherence to OGTT in high-risk children for T1D is suboptimal, despite risk communication efforts.
  • Strategies to improve adherence should focus on parental education, risk perception, and study engagement.
  • Findings offer guidance for enhancing T1D detection in pediatric populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
genetic riskgenetic studiesstage 1 type 1 diabetes

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