Challenges in Resource-Constrained IoT Devices: Energy and Communication as Critical Success Factors for Future IoT...

Area of Science:

• Computer Science
• Electrical Engineering
• Wireless Communication

Background:

• The Internet of Things (IoT) facilitates seamless information exchange among diverse real-world devices globally.
• Existing IoT devices face significant challenges in meeting evolving demands for efficiency and performance.
• Power consumption and reliable connectivity are critical limitations for widespread IoT adoption.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish best practices for designing Internet of Things (IoT) devices, emphasizing power and connectivity.
• To categorize IoT devices into passive, semi-passive, and active types for targeted design strategies.
• To explore emerging technologies that address key design challenges in IoT systems.

Main Methods:

• Classification of IoT devices based on their power and communication capabilities (passive, semi-passive, active).
• Review and analysis of advanced communication and power management techniques.
• Exploration of technologies including Backscatter communication, Wireless Power Transfer (WPT), and Energy Harvesting (EH).

Main Results:

• Identification of critical design considerations for optimizing power efficiency in IoT devices.
• Evaluation of various connectivity solutions to ensure robust data exchange.
• Detailed examination of technologies like chipless devices, Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT), and Wake-Up Radio (WUR).

Conclusions:

• Implementing proposed design practices can significantly improve the performance and longevity of IoT devices.
• Advanced technologies like WPT, EH, and SWIPT are crucial for overcoming power and connectivity hurdles.
• This work provides a foundational guide for developing next-generation smart devices within the IoT ecosystem.