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Low-Cost Sensor Systems and IoT Technologies for Indoor Air Quality Monitoring: Instrumentation, Models,

Sérgio Ivan Lopes1, Cezary Orłowski2, Pedro T B S Branco3

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Summary

Low-cost sensors (LCS) offer a solution for real-time indoor air quality (IAQ) management in energy-efficient buildings. These sensors help identify pollution sources and improve IAQ despite limitations compared to regulatory equipment.

Keywords:
IoTindoor air pollutionlow-cost sensorsremote monitoringsensor systems

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Area of Science:

  • Building Science and Environmental Engineering
  • Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Monitoring
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Energy-efficient buildings often feature enhanced airtightness, which can reduce natural ventilation.
  • Reduced natural ventilation poses a significant risk to indoor air quality (IAQ), potentially leading to health issues like Sick Building Syndrome.
  • Increased awareness of indoor air pollution and its health impacts drives the demand for continuous IAQ monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a general model for implementing low-cost sensor (LCS) systems for IAQ management.
  • To analyze the strengths and limitations of LCS for real-time IAQ assessment and energy efficiency.
  • To review sensor system technologies and provide design recommendations for researchers and practitioners.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of sensor system technologies for IAQ monitoring.
  • Development of a prospective analysis framework for LCS implementation.
  • Examination of LCS capabilities in high-resolution monitoring, source identification, and exposure mitigation.

Main Results:

  • Low-cost sensors (LCS) provide valuable, high-resolution data for IAQ management, despite not meeting reference equipment standards.
  • LCS enable real-time IAQ assessment, emission source identification, and contribute to energy efficiency strategies.
  • The proposed model offers a structured approach to LCS system implementation for improved indoor environments.

Conclusions:

  • LCS are a viable and increasingly popular tool for addressing IAQ challenges in modern buildings.
  • Effective implementation of LCS can enhance building performance, occupant health, and energy management.
  • Further research and development in LCS technology are crucial for advancing IAQ monitoring capabilities.