Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

17.0K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
17.0K
Absorption of Radiation01:05

Absorption of Radiation

1.1K
The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:
1.1K
Mutations01:35

Mutations

42.1K
Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
42.1K
X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

9.4K
German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
9.4K
Scanning Electron Microscopy01:07

Scanning Electron Microscopy

4.8K
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
Fundamental Principles
Accelerated...
4.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Gemini: the first underground testbed for seismic isolation and inter-platform control in next-generation gravitational-wave detectors.

European physical journal plus·2026
Same author

Remote displacement sensing by decoupling a compact sensing head from a heterodyne Michelson interferometer.

Optics letters·2025
Same author

Integrating high-precision and fringe-scale displacement sensing using heterodyne cavity-tracking.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Tunable Coherence Laser Interferometry: Demonstrating 40 dB of Stray Light Suppression and Compatibility with Resonant Optical Cavities.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

An analytic, efficient and optimal readout algorithm for compact interferometers based on deep frequency modulation.

Scientific reports·2024
Same author

Compact inertial sensors for measuring external disturbances of physics experiments.

Scientific reports·2024
Same journal

Denoising algorithm of Φ-OTDR systems based on adaptive fractional wavelet transform denoising.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Millisecond photon-to-photon latency and high-speed volumetric projection system for optogenetics.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Polarization-encoded coaxial structured light for high-precision 3D surface profilometry.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Discrete freeform optical design based on collaborative optimization of point cloud and local normals.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Ultrafast ghost imaging with 25 GHz speckle switching and wavelength-division multiplexing.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Atomic vapor cells fabricated by femtosecond laser welding of standard-optical-quality glass.

Optics express·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 30, 2025

An Automated Microscopic Scoring Method for the γ-H2AX Foci Assay in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes
08:23

An Automated Microscopic Scoring Method for the γ-H2AX Foci Assay in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

Published on: December 25, 2021

5.2K

Fiber backscatter under increasing exposure to ionizing radiation.

Johann Max Rohr, Stefan Ast, Oliver Gerberding

    Optics Express
    |November 13, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Optical fibers for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission were tested for radiation-induced backscatter. Both polarization-maintaining and polarizing fibers showed stable backscatter, but polarizing fibers experienced significant transmission loss.

    More Related Videos

    Measuring DNA Damage and Repair in Mouse Splenocytes After Chronic In Vivo Exposure to Very Low Doses of Beta- and Gamma-Radiation
    11:24

    Measuring DNA Damage and Repair in Mouse Splenocytes After Chronic In Vivo Exposure to Very Low Doses of Beta- and Gamma-Radiation

    Published on: July 3, 2015

    11.3K
    Dual Immunofluorescence of γH2AX and 53BP1 in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes
    05:34

    Dual Immunofluorescence of γH2AX and 53BP1 in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes

    Published on: July 14, 2023

    2.0K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Nov 30, 2025

    An Automated Microscopic Scoring Method for the γ-H2AX Foci Assay in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes
    08:23

    An Automated Microscopic Scoring Method for the γ-H2AX Foci Assay in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

    Published on: December 25, 2021

    5.2K
    Measuring DNA Damage and Repair in Mouse Splenocytes After Chronic In Vivo Exposure to Very Low Doses of Beta- and Gamma-Radiation
    11:24

    Measuring DNA Damage and Repair in Mouse Splenocytes After Chronic In Vivo Exposure to Very Low Doses of Beta- and Gamma-Radiation

    Published on: July 3, 2015

    11.3K
    Dual Immunofluorescence of γH2AX and 53BP1 in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes
    05:34

    Dual Immunofluorescence of γH2AX and 53BP1 in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes

    Published on: July 14, 2023

    2.0K

    Area of Science:

    • Space science
    • Optical physics
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission requires stable inter-satellite laser links for gravitational wave detection.
    • Optical fibers are crucial for establishing phase references between spacecraft optical benches.
    • Potential increases in laser backscatter due to space radiation could compromise mission sensitivity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of ionizing radiation on laser backscatter and transmission in two types of optical fibers.
    • To assess the suitability of these fibers for the demanding space environment of the LISA mission.

    Main Methods:

    • Two fiber types, Fujikura SM98-PS-U40D (polarization-maintaining) and Fibercore HB1060Z (polarizing), were exposed to increasing intensities of ionizing radiation.
    • Laser backscatter and optical transmission were measured before, during, and after radiation exposure.

    Main Results:

    • Both fiber types exhibited constant backscatter levels across increasing radiation doses.
    • Polarization-maintaining fibers showed a backscatter of approximately 7 ppm·m⁻¹, while polarizing fibers showed about three times this level.
    • Polarizing fibers demonstrated a significant degradation in transmission, reducing to approximately one-third of their initial value.

    Conclusions:

    • While both tested fiber types maintain stable backscatter under radiation, the significant transmission loss in polarizing fibers raises concerns for LISA's optical link performance.
    • Further research may be needed to identify or develop optical fiber solutions that mitigate transmission degradation in space radiation environments.