Effect of Porous Silicon Nanoparticle Drug-Loading System on Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a non-specific intestinal inflammatory disease. UC occurred in developed countries in the past, but in the past 20 years, the incidence of UC in developing countries has also shown a clear upward trend. The hospitalization rate and surgical rate of UC have been high, and may lead to the occurrence of intestinal malignant tumors, which has greatly affected the quality of life and life expectancy of patients. Because of this, how to effectively treat UC has become a hotspot in modern gastrointestinal diseases. Due to the limitation of the dosage form of the drug and the special environment of the gastrointestinal tract, traditional oral drugs have the disadvantage of not being able to make the drug effective in specific lesions when treating inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, it is of great scientific significance and application value to develop drug carriers that can target the inflammatory sites and slow-release drugs to treat inflammation. In this study, TNBS method was used to prepare a rat model of ulcerative colitis, and the effect of modified porous silicon nanoparticles as a drug carrier in the treatment of UC was investigated. We first induced acute enteritis model in C57BL/6 rats through TNBS, and then used in vivo fluorescence imaging and immunofluorescence staining technology to prove that porous silicon nanoparticles can indeed be specifically concentrated in the damaged part of the mouse intestine, and then administered by gastric administration. The drug method allows rats to take different types and concentrations of drug-loaded porous silicon nanoparticles, and finally collect relevant samples for evaluation of drug efficacy after the end of the administration cycle. The disease activity index showed the best gastrointestinal recovery in mice treated with modified drug-loaded porous silicon nanoparticles. The pathological analysis of rat colons using HE staining proved that the improved drug-loaded porous silicon nanoparticles had a more significant therapeutic effect. TUNEL staining results showed that the level of apoptosis in the colon injury site of rats treated with modified drug-loaded porous silicon nanoparticles was reduced. The test results of drug concentration in rat colon tissue blood also proved that porous silicon nanoparticle drug-loading system can reduce the release of inflammatory factors in vivo. Based on the TNBS-induced UC rat model, this paper evaluates the therapeutic effect of modified drug-loaded porous silicon nanoparticles. The results show that in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, the nanoparticle drug-loaded system is a more effective treatment way.