Quantitative analysis of particulate matter release during orthodontic procedures: a pilot study

Area of Science:

• Dental research
• Aerosol science
• Infection control

Background:

• Aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is a concern in enclosed spaces.
• Dental procedures generate aerosols, posing risks to practitioners and patients.
• Aerosol generation during orthodontic procedures and mitigation strategies require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To quantify aerosol release during simulated orthodontic debonding procedures.
• To compare aerosol generation with different debonding techniques and equipment.
• To assess the effectiveness of specific mitigation strategies in reducing aerosol release.

Main Methods:

• Simulated orthodontic debonding using a dental manikin and acrylic model.
• Varied use of contra-angle and fast handpieces with and without air/water coolant.
• Measured particulate matter (0.08–10 μm) using optical and scanning mobility particle sizers.

Main Results:

• Standard debonding with air increased 'very small' and 'small' particles temporarily.
• Debonding with water and a fast handpiece significantly increased aerosol levels across all particle sizes.
• Using a 3-in-1 air-water syringe did not detectably increase aerosol levels.

Conclusions:

• Orthodontic debonding releases particulate matter, but in lower concentrations than high-speed handpieces.
• Water and fast handpieces are primary contributors to aerosol generation during debonding.
• Aerosol levels returned to baseline within approximately five minutes, suggesting limited long-term risk from debonding alone.