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    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Epidemiology
    • Global Health

    Background:

    • The Immunization Agenda 2030 aims to reduce deaths from vaccine-preventable diseases.
    • This report provides updated global, regional, and national vaccination coverage estimates as of 2019.
    • Zero-dose children, unvaccinated with the first diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccine (DTP1), indicate poor access to health services.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present global, regional, and national vaccination coverage estimates and trends up to 2019.
    • To quantify the number of zero-dose children and analyze trends in their populations.
    • To assess global coverage of routine and underused vaccines.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of global, regional, and national vaccination coverage data for 2010-2019.
    • Estimation of the number of children missing key vaccine doses, including DTP3, MCV1, and Pol3.
    • Tracking of coverage trends for the second measles-containing vaccine (MCV2) and underused vaccines (rotavirus, PCV, RCV, Hib, HepB, HPV).

    Main Results:

    • Global DTP3, MCV1, and Pol3 coverage ranged from 84% to 86% between 2010-2019.
    • In 2019, 19.7 million children (15%) did not receive DTP3, with 70% being zero-dose children.
    • The number of zero-dose children increased in the African, Americas, and Western Pacific regions from 2010-2019.
    • Global MCV2 coverage rose to 71% in 2019, and coverage for underused vaccines also increased.

    Conclusions:

    • Achieving universal vaccine coverage requires tailored strategies for zero-dose and incompletely vaccinated children.
    • Reaching children in remote rural, urban poor, and conflict-affected areas is crucial.
    • Addressing disparities in immunization access is essential for reducing vaccine-preventable disease burden.