Adaptive variational mode decomposition and its application to multi-fault detection using mechanical vibration...

Area of Science:

• Mechanical Engineering
• Signal Processing
• Condition Monitoring

Background:

• Diagnosing multiple transient faults in rotating machinery using vibration signals is complex.
• Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) shows promise for fault decoupling but requires predefined parameters, leading to suboptimal performance.
• Existing adaptive VMD methods suffer from issues like mode redundancy and sensitivity to random impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop an improved adaptive variational mode decomposition (AVMD) method for enhanced rotating machinery fault diagnosis.
• To introduce a novel syncretic impact index (SII) for accurate evaluation of impulsive fault components.
• To optimize VMD parameters using the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm for superior fault signal separation.

Main Methods:

• Developed an adaptive variational mode decomposition (AVMD) method.
• Introduced a novel syncretic impact index (SII) to effectively isolate fault impacts and mitigate interference.
• Utilized the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm to determine optimal VMD parameters based on the SII.
• Employed the envelope power spectrum for robust fault feature extraction.

Main Results:

• The proposed AVMD method, utilizing SII and ABC, demonstrated superior performance in separating impulsive multi-fault signals.
• Simulated signal analysis and experimental applications confirmed the effectiveness of the AVMD method.
• The method successfully overcame limitations of traditional VMD and existing adaptive techniques, such as mode redundancy.

Conclusions:

• The developed AVMD method provides an efficient and effective approach for multi-fault diagnosis in rotating machinery.
• The syncretic impact index (SII) is a valuable tool for identifying critical fault components in complex vibration signals.
• Optimizing VMD parameters via the ABC algorithm significantly enhances diagnostic accuracy for multiple transient faults.