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Comparison between computed tomography and silicone-casting methods to determine gunshot cavities in ballistic soap
Irene Burgos-Díez1, Félix Zapata1, Manuel José Chamorro-Sancho2
1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
Computed tomography (CT) offers a precise, non-destructive method for 3D reconstruction of temporary cavities in ballistic gel. This advanced technique surpasses traditional silicone casting in accuracy and data preservation for terminal ballistics research.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Science
- Biomedical Engineering
- Materials Science
Background:
- Traditional methods for analyzing temporary cavity volumes in terminal ballistics, like silicone casting, are imprecise and destructive.
- Existing techniques lack the sensitivity and digital reporting capabilities required for modern scientific analysis.
- There is a need for advanced, non-destructive methods to accurately measure projectile-induced cavities in tissue simulants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a 3D digital reconstruction method for temporary cavities using computed tomography (CT).
- To compare the efficacy of CT-based analysis against conventional silicone-casting methods in terminal ballistics.
- To establish a digitally preserved and verifiable method for reporting ballistic cavity data.
Main Methods:
- Utilized computed tomography (CT) scanning to acquire detailed imaging data of ballistic soap blocks impacted by projectiles.
- Employed 3D Slicer imaging software for the digital reconstruction and analysis of temporary cavity volumes.
- Performed quantitative measurements including cavity volume and projectile penetration depth.
Main Results:
- Successfully achieved accurate 3D digital reconstructions of temporary cavities created by various projectiles.
- CT analysis provided superior precision and sensitivity in determining cavity volume and penetration depth compared to silicone casting.
- The method enabled digital preservation, signing, and storage of evidence through infographic videos of 3D reconstructions.
Conclusions:
- Computed tomography combined with 3D Slicer software offers a highly effective, non-destructive alternative for terminal ballistics analysis.
- This digital approach significantly enhances the precision, sensitivity, and data management capabilities over traditional methods.
- The technique provides a robust framework for scientific reporting and digital evidence preservation in terminal ballistics.
