Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Peptide Bonds

Peptide Bonds

A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...

Molecular Geometry and Dipole Moments

Molecular Geometry and Dipole Moments

The VSEPR theory can be used to determine the electron pair geometries and molecular structures as follows:

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II

sp3d and sp3d 2 Hybridization

VSEPR Theory and the Effect of Lone Pairs

VSEPR Theory and the Effect of Lone Pairs

Effect of Lone Pairs of Electrons on Molecule Geometry

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I

The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...

Molecular Orbital Theory II

Molecular Orbital Theory II

Molecular Orbital Energy Diagrams

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Sonochemical Fabrication of Enantioselective PVDF Membranes Coated with Chiral Polymeric Nanoparticles.

Polymers·2026

Same author

Radiative cooling of isolated Al-5 cluster ions observed on ultralong timescales as a test case for the validity of the harmonic cascade model.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

Same author

Innovative Application of Standard Sand as a Functional Carrier for Nano-Silica in Cement.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Same author

Cometabolic Biodegradation of Hydrazine by <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i>-Bacillus Extremophilic Consortia: Synergistic Potential for Space and Industry.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Same author

Enantioselective Crystallization on Chiral Hybrid Magnetic Polymeric Particles.

ACS omega·2025

Same author

Chiral induction in the crystallization of KIO<sub>3</sub> and LiIO<sub>3</sub>: the role of amino acids in controlling the chirality of inorganic crystals.

Nanoscale advances·2025

Same journal

Revisiting, Understanding, and Tailoring the Evolution in the Nature of Phase Transitions in Rare-Earth RE<sub>2</sub>In Alloys.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

Same journal

Room-Temperature Quasi-CW Random Lasing in a Tin-Perovskite Ultrathin Film.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

Same journal

Emerging Electride Behavior and Metallization in Molecular Hydrogen under High Pressure.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

Same journal

Surface Electrochemistry of Au(111) in Acetonitrile Based Electrolytes: Formation of a Solvent Related Adsorbed Layer.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

Same journal

Asymmetric Hydration Shell Reveals Interfacial TFSI Organization in Imidazolium Ionic Liquid Films.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

Same journal

Turning 3D Molecular Crystals into 2D Moiré Superlattices with Properties Born Out of Bonding at the Angularly Stacked Interfaces.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 30, 2025

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides

Published on: November 21, 2013

Gas Phase Bond Formation in Dipeptide Clusters.

Maria Nihamkin¹, Avinoam Isaak², Amnon Albeck²

¹Department of Physics and Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters

|November 16, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists experimentally created peptide bonds between serine dipeptides in the gas phase. This suggests that abiotic peptide bond formation may occur spontaneously, potentially explaining the origin of life

More Related Videos

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly

Published on: February 6, 2020

Synthesis and Characterization of 1,2-Dithiolane Modified Self-Assembling Peptides

Synthesis and Characterization of 1,2-Dithiolane Modified Self-Assembling Peptides

Published on: August 20, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 30, 2025

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides

Published on: November 21, 2013

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly

Published on: February 6, 2020

Synthesis and Characterization of 1,2-Dithiolane Modified Self-Assembling Peptides

Synthesis and Characterization of 1,2-Dithiolane Modified Self-Assembling Peptides

Published on: August 20, 2018

Area of Science:

Astrobiology
Biochemistry
Physical Chemistry

Background:

Amino acids are fundamental building blocks of life.
Detection of amino acids in meteorites suggests extraterrestrial origins.
Peptide bond formation in gas phase is hypothesized but not experimentally proven.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally demonstrate the formation of peptide bonds in the gas phase.
To investigate the potential for abiotic peptide synthesis.

Main Methods:

Spraying a solution of serine dipeptides (Ser-Ser).
Analysis of resulting molecular masses and fragmentation patterns.
Collision-induced dissociation of dipeptide clusters.

Main Results:

Observed a mass peak consistent with serine tetrapeptide, not just dipeptide clusters.
Confirmed the tetrapeptide mass and fragmentation pattern.
Demonstrated tetrapeptide formation via collision-induced dissociation of four dipeptides.

Conclusions:

Peptide bonds can be formed in the gas phase from dipeptides.
Abiotic peptide bond formation may occur spontaneously.
This provides a potential mechanism for the origin of biomolecules in space.