Decisions on cancer care by Indigenous peoples in Alberta and Saskatchewan: a narrative analysis

The prevalence of cancer is increasing among Indigenous peoples in Canada. To enhance quality of life of those Indigenous people affected by cancer, their decision-making experiences must be understood. This article presents the findings of a qualitative study exploring the treatment decision-making practices among Indigenous peoples with cancer in rural and remote Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada.

This study employed a qualitative narrative-based approach using the Indigenous research method of storytelling. Seventeen Indigenous participants (14 women, three men) with various forms of cancer were interviewed. Open-ended questions were used that were designed to understand participants' decision-making processing regarding their cancer treatment.

Keeping with Indigenous methodology, the interview transcripts were analysed by a narrative method, with the intent that the data would be presented in story format. Eight vignettes relating to decision making were created: being strong for family; family support; strength and independence; denial and not wanting to know; fear-based decision making; finding the blessing; the spiritual journey; and traditional medicine and doctors. Participants were involved in validating the analysis to ensure that data were accurately interpreted.

The vignettes demonstrate the similarities and differences among Indigenous people with cancer from other countries. A primary feature is that family members play a central role in participants' cancer treatment decisions. While some participants embraced and relied upon traditional medicines, others were supported by the providers of Western health care. A healthcare system that provides access to both traditional and Western medicine can be essential to culturally safe, high-quality cancer care for Indigenous peoples.