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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Brain: Major Regions01:20

Anatomy of the Brain: Major Regions

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The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. It consists of four main parts: the cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brainstem.
The cerebrum is the largest section of the brain and divides into left and right hemispheres, separated by a deep fissure. The cerebral outer layer of grey matter — the cerebral cortex — comprises elevations called gyri and shallow groves called sulci. The inner portion of white matter includes long nerve fibers known as axons, which connect...
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Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview II01:11

Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview II

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Each cerebral hemisphere can be divided into three main regions. The outermost region, the cerebral cortex, is a thin layer (2 to 4 millimeters thick) made up of gray matter, consisting of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, glial cells, and blood vessels. The middle region, or white matter, is primarily composed of myelinated nerve fibers organized into three types of large tracts: association fibers, commissures, and projection fibers. Association fibers connect different areas within the same...
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Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview I01:26

Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview I

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The main and largest component of the human brain is the cerebrum. The cerebrum consists of two main parts: the cerebral cortex, an outer layer with wrinkles or folds known as gyri and shallow grooves called sulci, and a deeper region beneath it. The cerebrum divides into two distinct hemispheres and contains five different lobes: the frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, and insula. The central sulcus separates the frontal and parietal lobes and two functionally important gyri — the...
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Organization of the Brain01:30

Organization of the Brain

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The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...
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Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles01:18

Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles

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There are hollow fluid-filled cavities known as ventricles deep inside the human brain. There are two lateral ventricles, one in each cerebral hemisphere, and each has three different projections — the anterior, inferior, and posterior horns visible from the lateral side. A thin membrane called the septum pellucidum separates the two lateral ventricles. The slender third ventricle in the diencephalon is connected to each lateral ventricle via a channel called the interventricular foramen.
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Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions01:17

Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions

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The cerebellum, also known as the "little brain," is located in the posterior cranial fossa, inferior to the tentorium cerebelli and dorsal to the brainstem. It plays a significant role in motor control, coordination, and proprioception.
Cerebellar Structure
Externally, the cerebellum features a highly convoluted surface with numerous folia (narrow ridges) separated by shallow sulci (grooves). The cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres by a thin median structure known as the vermis. The...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 30, 2025

Three-Dimensional Shape Modeling and Analysis of Brain Structures
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BrainWiki-A Wiki-Style, User Driven, Comparative Brain Anatomy Tool.

Linda Forsell1,2, Esther Naomi Vos2, Keerthi Jayaraman1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.

Frontiers in Neuroanatomy
|November 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

BrainWiki is a new web-based atlas comparing human and mouse brains side-by-side. This user-friendly platform aids neuroscience research by integrating anatomical and literature data for immediate comparative insights.

Keywords:
brain anatomybrain atlasbrain circuitsbrain functionsbrain pathologycomparative anatomyhuman brainmouse brain

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Comparative Neuroanatomy
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • The mouse is a crucial animal model in neuroscience, particularly with transgenic models.
  • Comparative studies between human and mouse brains are vital for understanding human brain function and pathology.
  • Existing brain atlases are often specialized, resource-intensive, and lack direct human-mouse comparison.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce BrainWiki, a novel, user-friendly, web-based comparative brain atlas.
  • To facilitate direct side-by-side comparison of human and mouse brain anatomy and research data.
  • To create a dynamic, interactive platform that evolves with the pace of neuroscience research.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a web-based platform integrating human and mouse brain anatomical data.
  • Inclusion of links to published research articles for each brain region.
  • Implementation of interactive features and support for user contributions.

Main Results:

  • BrainWiki provides a simple overview of brain anatomy for both species.
  • The platform links anatomical regions to relevant scientific literature, covering circuitry, function, and pathology.
  • It enables immediate side-by-side comparison, unlike existing resources.

Conclusions:

  • BrainWiki serves as an indispensable, dynamic resource for neuroscientists.
  • The platform simplifies access to comparative neuroscientific data, accelerating research.
  • Future updates will incorporate gene expression and cell type data for enhanced utility.