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Retinoid effects on the epidermis.

P M Elias1

  • 1Dermatology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, Calif.

Dermatologica
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Retinoids alter skin cell turnover and structure in postnatal tissues, differing from embryonic effects. These changes, including stratum corneum loosening and altered keratin production, offer therapeutic benefits for various skin conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Cell Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Retinoid action in embryonic and neoplastic epidermis involves metaplasia and gap junction stimulation.
  • Clinical retinoid use in postnatal tissues suggests different mechanisms of action.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for optimizing therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms of retinoid action in postnatal epidermal tissues.
  • To investigate the ultrastructural and biochemical changes induced by retinoids.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of these retinoid-induced epidermal effects.

Main Methods:

  • Histologic studies in animal and human models using topical and systemic retinoids.
  • Ultrastructural analysis of epidermal changes, including desmosome shedding and cell membrane alterations.

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  • Biochemical analysis of glycoconjugate synthesis and keratin production.

    • Main Results:

    • Retinoids increase epidermal cell turnover, leading to acanthosis, hypergranulosis, and altered stratum corneum.
    • Ultrastructural changes include desmosome shedding and increased intercellular glycoconjugates, resulting in stratum corneum loosening.
    • Biochemical effects involve enhanced glycoconjugate synthesis and production of less mature keratins.

    Conclusions:

    • Retinoid mechanisms in postnatal skin differ from embryonic/neoplastic tissues, primarily involving increased cell turnover and stratum corneum modification.
    • These epidermal effects can be therapeutically leveraged to loosen thickened stratum corneum, enhance drug penetration, and normalize differentiation in neoplastic epidermis.