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Raynaud's phenomenon.

Ashraful Haque1, Michael Hughes2

  • 1Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK.

Clinical Medicine (London, England)
|November 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Raynaud's phenomenon, a vasospastic disorder affecting 5% of the population, can be primary or secondary to other conditions. Secondary Raynaud's poses risks of digital ischemia, ulcers, and gangrene, requiring thorough assessment and management.

Keywords:
Raynaud's phenomenondigital ulcerssystemic sclerosis

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Rheumatology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is a prevalent vasospastic condition impacting approximately 5% of the general population.
  • While primary RP is common, secondary RP can arise from various medical conditions and drug therapies, notably systemic sclerosis.
  • Secondary RP presents a higher risk of severe complications like persistent digital ischemia, ulcers, and gangrene.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of Raynaud's phenomenon, encompassing its primary and secondary forms.
  • To highlight the diagnostic approaches, including autoantibody detection and nailfold capillaroscopy, for patients with RP.
  • To discuss current and potential management strategies for RP, including non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and surgical interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on Raynaud's phenomenon.
  • Clinical assessment and diagnostic criteria for differentiating primary and secondary RP.
  • Evaluation of treatment modalities for RP and its complications, such as digital ulceration.

Main Results:

  • Raynaud's phenomenon affects ~5% of the population, with primary and secondary forms.
  • Secondary RP, particularly in systemic sclerosis, is associated with severe digital ischemia, ulcers, and gangrene.
  • Comprehensive assessment involving autoantibodies and nailfold capillaroscopy is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of Raynaud's phenomenon requires a thorough clinical evaluation and tailored treatment approach.
  • Non-pharmacological interventions are fundamental for all patients, supplemented by drug therapies and sometimes surgery for severe cases.
  • Further research into RP pathogenesis and severity metrics is essential for optimizing patient care and developing advanced therapeutic strategies.