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Salivary microbiome composition changes after bariatric surgery.

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Bariatric surgery alters the salivary microbiome in individuals with obesity, but changes vary significantly between people. Individual factors, not just weight loss, influence these oral microbiome shifts.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Human Physiology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Obesity is linked to altered salivary microbiome composition.
  • The precise mechanisms connecting salivary microbiome and body weight remain unclear.
  • The impact of bariatric surgery on the salivary microbiome is largely unstudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate salivary microbiome changes in adults with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery.
  • To analyze individual-specific microbiome alterations during body weight loss.
  • To determine the effect of bariatric surgery on salivary microbiome composition.

Main Methods:

  • Saliva samples analyzed from 35 adult patients with obesity before and at 1 day, 3 months, and 12 months after bariatric surgery.
  • Microbiome composition analyzed using sequencing techniques.
  • Individual-specific changes tracked over the 12-month post-surgery period.

Main Results:

  • Significant salivary microbiome alterations observed in all participants post-surgery.
  • Changes were heterogeneous, with individual-specific variations.
  • Common trends included decreased Gemella, Granulicatella elegans, Porphyromonas pasteri, Prevotella nanceiensis, Streptococcus oralis, and increased Veillonella, Megasphaera micronuciformis, Prevotella saliva.
  • Individual factors appeared to influence microbiome composition more than weight loss dynamics alone.

Conclusions:

  • Bariatric surgery induces significant, yet individualized, changes in the salivary microbiome.
  • The observed alterations may be linked to post-surgery dietary shifts.
  • Further research is needed to explore associations with taste preferences and oral health outcomes.