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Abstract:
A case of aspergillosis of the brain in a 49-year old woman is described. In view of the fact that there were no inflammatory changes in other organs, the assumption was put forward that the fungus had penetrated into the brain by the otogenic way, or through the accessory nasal sinuses. The results of experimental infection of laboratory animals aimed at obtaining a model of meningoencephalitis are discussed. It was shown that spores of the Aspergillus fumigatus fungus in low concentrations introduced into the otic veins penetrated into the lungs where they caused an inflammatory process, and then hematogenically entered the brain. The changes in the latter were characterised by endo- and perivasculitis, formation of numerous microabscesses with the presence therein of threads of the fungus mycelium.
Insights
This study details a rare brain aspergillosis case. Experimental models suggest Aspergillus fumigatus can reach the brain via otogenic or sinus routes, causing meningoencephalitis.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Neurology
- Pathology
Background:
- Aspergillosis is a fungal infection that can affect various organs.
- Brain involvement, particularly meningoencephalitis, is a severe manifestation requiring understanding of its pathogenesis.
- The otogenic or sinonasal routes are potential pathways for fungal invasion of the central nervous system.
Observation:
- A case of brain aspergillosis in a 49-year-old woman was documented.
- No signs of inflammation in other organs suggested a localized or specific entry point.
- Experimental animal models were used to investigate the pathogenesis of fungal meningoencephalitis.
Findings:
- Spores of Aspergillus fumigatus, when introduced in low concentrations into otic veins, led to lung inflammation.
- The fungus subsequently entered the brain hematogenously from the lungs.
- Cerebral changes included endo- and perivasculitis and the formation of microabscesses containing fungal mycelium.
Implications:
- Understanding the otogenic and sinonasal routes is crucial for diagnosing and treating brain aspergillosis.
- The experimental model provides insights into the hematogenous spread of Aspergillus fumigatus to the brain.
- This research highlights the potential for localized fungal infections to cause severe neurological complications.