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Wastewater Irrigation Impacts on Soil Hydraulic Conductivity: Coupled Field Sampling and Laboratory Determination of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity
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Can source control of pharmaceuticals decrease the investment needs in urban wastewater infrastructure?

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Source control of pharmaceuticals, like reducing diclofenac and increasing naproxen, can lower wastewater infrastructure costs. However, significant substitution is needed to achieve environmental quality standards for pharmaceuticals.

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FateGreen pharmacyModellingPriority substancesRiverTertiary treatmentTransportWWTP

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Environmental Engineering

Background:

  • Pharmaceuticals in the environment pose risks to aquatic ecosystems.
  • Urban wastewater treatment plants struggle to remove microcontaminants like diclofenac.
  • Source control strategies aim to reduce pharmaceutical loads at their origin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of pharmaceutical source control on environmental health.
  • To assess the reduction in investment needs for urban wastewater infrastructure.
  • To determine the effectiveness of substituting diclofenac with naproxen.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling pharmaceutical consumption and loads in the Llobregat river basin (Spain).
  • Utilizing a microcontaminant fate and transport model.
  • Assessing tertiary treatment investment needs to meet environmental quality standards.

Main Results:

  • Source control decreases investment needs but doesn't eliminate the need for tertiary treatment upgrades.
  • Significant reductions in diclofenac concentrations require drastic substitution (73% reduction).
  • Spain shows progress in substituting diclofenac with naproxen, benefiting the environment.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmaceutical source control is beneficial but insufficient alone to meet environmental standards.
  • Substantial shifts in consumption patterns are necessary for effective environmental protection.
  • The substitution of diclofenac with naproxen presents a positive environmental outcome.