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Different experimental multiple trauma models induce comparable inflammation and organ injury
Borna Relja1, Bing Yang2, Katrin Bundkirchen2
1Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Experimental Radiology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
Scientific Reports
|November 20, 2020
Summary
Multiple injuries significantly impact polytrauma outcomes. This study compared trauma models, finding that multiple trauma groups exhibited more severe inflammatory responses and organ damage, particularly in the liver and lungs.
Area of Science:
- Trauma research
- Immunology
- Organ injury
Background:
- Polytrauma, involving multiple injuries, is a critical factor in patient outcomes.
- Understanding the differential inflammatory responses and organ damage in various trauma models is essential for developing effective treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the inflammatory response and organ damage across different monotrauma and polytrauma models in mice.
- To evaluate the suitability of these models for studying early post-traumatic inflammatory responses.
Main Methods:
- Mice were subjected to 10 experimental groups: control, sham, five monotraumas (hemorrhagic shock, thoracic trauma, osteotomy, soft tissue trauma, laparotomy), and three polytrauma models.
- Inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, CXCL1, SAA1, HMGB1) and organ injury were assessed at 6 hours post-trauma.
Main Results:
- Systemic IL-6 increased in all trauma groups. CXCL1 elevation was observed in hemorrhagic shock and polytrauma groups.
- The liver showed the most prominent local inflammatory response in hemorrhagic shock and polytrauma groups.
- Inflammatory cell infiltration and significant hepatic and pulmonary injury were evident in all multiple trauma models.
Conclusions:
- Experimental polytrauma models effectively mimic early human post-traumatic inflammatory responses.
- The choice of specific read-out parameters is crucial for guiding therapeutic immune modulation strategies in polytrauma patients.
