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Ovine haemonchosis: a review.

Muhammad Naeem1, Zahid Iqbal2, Nabila Roohi1

  • 1Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.

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|November 20, 2020
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Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) infection causes significant economic losses in sheep farming globally. Integrated strategies including targeted treatment and selective breeding are crucial for effective haemonchosis control.

Keywords:
Barber’s pole wormHaemonchosisOvineSheep

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Parasitology
  • Sheep Husbandry
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Haemonchosis, caused by Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus), is a prevalent and economically damaging parasitic infection in sheep, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions.
  • The parasite resides in the abomasum, feeding on blood and causing severe production losses and mortality.
  • Existing control methods face challenges, including widespread anthelmintic resistance and limited vaccine efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) infection in sheep.
  • To consolidate current knowledge on its morphology, prevalence, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and control.
  • To offer a broader perspective on the challenges and strategies for managing haemonchosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus).
  • Synthesis of information on parasite biology, disease impact, and control measures.
  • Analysis of current research trends, including drug resistance, alternative treatments, and genetic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) has developed resistance to most conventional anthelmintics.
  • Medicinal plants and non-conventional chemicals show promise but require further study on safety and efficacy.
  • Molecular tools and resistant gene introduction are under development but not yet field-ready.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated management strategies are essential for controlling haemonchosis.
  • Targeted selective treatment, selective breeding, culling susceptible animals, and balanced nutrition are recommended.
  • Further research is needed on adverse effects of alternative treatments and field application of molecular tools.