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Updated: Nov 29, 2025
Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
Published on: May 17, 2024
The Nomenclature, Terminology and Lexicon of Breast Surgery: Are We Really Saying the Same Thing?
Helene Retrouvey1, Steven A Hanna2, Bradley P Bengtson3
1Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The University of Toronto, The Rotman/Stewart Building, 149 College Street, Suite 508, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5, Canada.
Abstract:
This study investigated inconsistencies in the use of descriptors in breast surgery and recommends a novel nomenclature that will be adopted and standardized among plastic surgeons. The study used a modified Delphi methodology to first identify redundant descriptors or those with multiple interpretations, and then achieve consensus on ideal recommended nomenclature in breast surgery. The Delphi panel agreed that there was misuse of and lack of a clear definition for several terms, and recommended removal of these subjective terms. Replacement with more anatomic nomenclature was suggested. Stretch deformity, pectoral banding, and implant-gland mismatch were introduced as new terms.
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