The UCSC Genome Browser database: 2021 update.

Area of Science:

• Genomics
• Bioinformatics
• Data Visualization

Background:

• The UCSC Genome Browser has been a vital resource for genomics data visualization and annotation for over 20 years.
• The rapidly expanding field of genomics necessitates continuous updates to data display and annotation capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce new features and data tracks for the UCSC Genome Browser, enhancing its utility for researchers.
• To maintain the database with up-to-date gene annotations and incorporate emerging genomic data.

Main Methods:

• Implementation of new visualization modes, including Hi-C heatmap and phased family trio displays.
• Integration of updated gene annotations from GENCODE, NCBI RefSeq, and Ensembl.
• Addition of new data tracks for human and mouse genomes, such as ENCODE candidate cis-regulatory elements and Eukaryotic Promoter Database promoters.

Main Results:

• The UCSC Genome Browser now features enhanced visualization tools like Hi-C heatmaps and phased trio displays.
• Updated gene annotations (GENCODE, RefSeq, Ensembl) and new tracks (ENCODE, EP D, MANE) are available.
• A dedicated SARS-CoV-2 genome browser was rapidly developed and released.

Conclusions:

• The UCSC Genome Browser continues to evolve, providing researchers with cutting-edge tools for genomic data analysis.
• The integration of new features and data ensures the browser remains a comprehensive and up-to-date resource.
• The rapid deployment of a SARS-CoV-2 browser highlights the platform's adaptability and responsiveness to urgent research needs.